SEMCAD X Numerical Phantoms

SEMCAD X Poser Package has been developed to allow deformation of all the supported human/animal model. It is now possible to deform the underlying rigid skeleton by specifying the required orientation at the articulated joints. Various models are available from SPEAG which have been prepared for positioning. It is also possible to add posing abilities to own models. Novel techniques allow deformations to be smoothly visualized in real time. Rapid switching between pre-saved (and user-defined) postures can be performed.

The implemented poser is based on techniques developed for animation pictures features. It offers the following benefits:

• easy articulation of joints in their physiological ranges
• deformation of the soft tissue without loss of connectivity and without changes in the total tissue volume
• predefined postures for standing, sitting and lying persons

This poser combined with the most detailed human models is highly valuable when performing exposure evaluations in real situations, such as work places, and device optimization, e.g., hand-held devices, body-mounted or implantable devices, to a new level of sophistication.

SEMCAD X Posable Humans: Adult Male, Adult Female, Adult Male Obese, Child Female, Child Male

• Origin: High-resolution MR-imaging data were segmented to yield up to 84 different tissues and organs. The models were reconstructed as three-dimensional CAD objects with high fidelity anatomical detail.
• Format: The CAD format of the objects allows meshing of the models at arbitrary resolutions without loss of detail and small features due to multiple sampling.
• Poser enabled: The CAD models have been modified so it can be posed using SEMCAD X Poser tool.

SEMCAD X PH1: Posable Hand Phantoms

• Origin: This phantom is based on anthropometric studies. The 50th percentile of the men's and women's hand are averaged. Experimental versions (OTA Hand Phantoms) for far-field measurements are available.
• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
• Tissues: Skin, Bone, Muscle
• Features: Posable, dimensions according to standardization work

SEMCAD X HR-EF1: High Resolution European Female Head (Compressed Ears)

• Origin: This phantom is based on a high resolution MRI scan of a healthy female volunteer (age 40) obtained from the University of Zurich. The ears were gently pressed to the head surface in order to obtain the appropriate ear shape for a realistic MTE user. 121 slices were taken.
• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1mm in the ear region and 3mm for the rest of the head)
• Tissues: Air, blood vessels, ear, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye scler

SEMCAD X EM-1: European Male Head

• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
• Tissues: Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

SEMCAD X EC7: European Child Head, Age 7

• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
• Tissues: Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

SEMCAD X EC3: European Child Head, Age 3

• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
• Tissues: Air, skin, muscle, fat, bone, CSF, brain, blood, cartilage, vitreous humour, lens, eye sclera

SEMCAD X VHPWB-1: Whole Body Adult Male Phantom

• Origin: This phantom is based on the data set generated by the visible human project
• Format: SEMCAD compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1.1mm
• Tissues: More than 100 different tissue/organ types distinguished

SEMCAD X R570(M), R500(F w/ tumors), R300(FP), R200(M), R014(M), M045(M), M036(M), M029(FP), M017(F): Additional Animal Phantoms

• Origin: Rat and mouse phantoms based on MRI scans of different weight are currently being developed.
  M = male
  F = female
  FP = pregnant female
  Additional animal phantoms can be developed upon request.
• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Lateral slices (slice separation between 0.6mm and 1.1mm in the entire regin of the animal)
• Tissues: Brain, bone, muscle, fat, skin, heart, lungs, digestive system, liver, kidneys, testicles (males) or uterus (female), eyes, nose region and others

SEMCAD X SAM1: SAM Phantom

• Origin: The Specific Antropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) corresponds to the 90th-percentile dimensions of an adult male head based on an antropomorphic study of US Army personnel. SAM was proposed by the Subcommittee SCC34-SC2 for compliance testing of handheld devices and subsequentely adopted for the drafts of IEEE 1528-200x as well as for CENELEC prEN50361.
• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1mm)
• Tissues: Air, shell (2mm), inside
• Features: Left and right ear and mouth reference points marked; standard positions predefined

SEMCAD X GP1: Generic Phantom

• Origin: This phantom has been developed by BIOEM/EMC of ETH Zurich and is based on an anthropometric survey of 52 persons. The shape around the ear corresponds to the 90th-percentile dimensions of that data set. Experimental versions for compliance testing and far-field measurements are available for DASY.
• Format: SEMCAD X compound slices format
• Resolution: Horizonal slices (facet tolerance X-Y: < 0.2mm; vertical slice separation: 1mm)
• Tissues: Air, shell (2mm), inside
• Fetures: Left and right ear and mouth reference points marked